Single sleeve valve for internal-combustion engines, steam engines, and the like



April '6 1925;

W. B. WILSON SINGLE SLEEVE VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES STEAMENGINES', AND THE LIKE Filed 001;. 15, 1924 mrwayilzw Patented Apr. 6,i926,

onus STATES PATENT OFFICE.

. wnznran snows WILSON, or 'wnpnnsi t, ENGLAND.

sin-ens. snnnvn vnnvn non m'rnsnnzt-oomeosrroir enemas, s'rzs'amenemas,AND THE LIKE.

Application filed October 15, 1924. Serial at. 748,784.

Z '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM BROWN 'WILsoN, a subject of the King of.England, and a resident of No.14: Dickson Road,-Well- Hall, S; E. 9, inthe county'of Kent, Kingdom of Great Britain, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Single.

Sleeve Valves for Internal-Combustion Em gi'ncs, Steam Engines, and thelike, of which 19 the following is a specification, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings. The present invention relates to singlesleeve valves for internal combustion en ginemstean engines and thelike, the principal object of the inven' on being to proride a novel andsimple form of single sleeve valve which can be conveniently operatcd soas to be positive in action and is effective to present a'large portarea for 29 the admission. and emission or exhaust, of the Workingfluid, a condition which is essential for satisfactory operation of highspeed engines, insuring, as it does, high volumetric efficiency at suchspeeds.

Further objects, advantages and novel features'ot' design,constructlonand. arrangement comprehended by the invention Wlll beapparent as the nature thereof is better understood from the followingdescription 39 of: one embodiment of the invention which I haveillustrated on the accompanying drawing forming a part hereof.

In said drawing Fig. 1 is a fragmentary vertical central. sectionthrough the cylinder of an engine constructed in accordancewith myinvention, and Fig. 2 18 a fragmentary horizontal section on line 22 inFig. 1 looking in the direction. of the arrows. Like symbols are used todesignate the same parts to in both figures.

As shown, the engine comprises the usual cylinder block 1 disposed onthe crank case 2 which encloses the crank shaft 3 connected by theconnecting rod 4 with the piston 5 in the usual manner, the cylinderblock be ing arranged to provide a space or chamber 6 for thecirculation of cooling water and the interior oi the block being bored.out to i'orm the cylinder 7.

- Within the cylinder 7 and forming a worknt thenpper endof thecylindrical por and ahove the upper end of the block,

so tie.

and terminates thereabove.

.symmetricall ng fit therein I dispose a sleeve, 8 which, adaisincreased in diameter so as to form a. flange or run 8" which outwardlyoverhangs and rests on the upper end of the block. From cylinder blockand arranged to provide an internal chamber 12- for the circulation ofcooling water and the, spindle 10 is extended upwardly through asuitable bore in the head The sleeve is machined internally in itscylindrical portion to receive the piston 5 and also above itscylindrical portion to form the combustion space or chamber above thepiston which chamber is similar in shape to the adjacent exterior of thehead of the sleeve and in this portion of the sleeve 8. pluralit ofsuitable ports 13 are provided, preferab y three in number (see Fig. 2).Through these ports, which are preferably spaced about the head, theworking flni such as the combustible mix ture employed in internalcombustion engines, is admitted to the combustion chamher and cylinderduring the inlet stroke of the piston and a portion thereof exhaustedduring the exhaust stroke thereof after'hav in beenburned therein.

llhe interior surface of the cylinder head 1-1 is, also-suitablymachined and finished to conform to the outer surface of the head .of

the sleeve so as to form a gas tight fit therewith and the end of thespindle 10 projecting above the cylinder head is interiorly bored andthreaded to freceive a spark plug 15,the bore being extended centrallydownward in the headto terminate at the upper end of the combustionchamber.

The cylinder head is provided with r mality of ports, preferably fourinnumber,

'deslgnated at 16-16, 17-17, said orts being formed in the wall thereofwiich lies adjacent the head/of the sleeve and extending outwardlytherefrom to the exterior of the. head for connection at that point tosuitable pipes or manifolds. For-convenience of description, the ports16 may be coneidered as the inlet ports and the ports 1? as the exhaustports, but obviously these relations may be reversed if desired. litWill be noted that the disposition of the ports Where they pass throughthe cylinder head Walls is such that they extend in a more or lessradial direction with respect thereto and that the general direction ofthe pas sages respectively leading from the ports is such that-streamsoi; fluid simultaneously entering the cylinder on the inlet stroke fromeither the ports 16-16 or 1"i'-17 will con verge upon each other, givingrise to the silent known as turluilencewhich is of ad vantage inincreasing the efiicicncy oi the engine particularly at low speeds.

The shape of the several ports to which reference has just been made maypreferably generally conform to that of an isosceles triangle Whosebase, disposed normal to the axis of the cylinder, is substantially onehalf the height of the legs but under certain conditions it may be founddesirable to somewhat modify the "form of port employed, it being,however, understood that ordinarily the shape and a ma oi the variousports in the sleeve and in the cylinder head Will be substantiallsimilar to each other.

I also preferably provide an auxiliary port 18 in the sleeve toward thelower end thereof: and at a position to be uncovered by the piston 5 asit approaches the lower end, oi its stroke and a corresponc'ling port 19in the cylinder Wall disposed to register therewith, these ports beingoperative to permit a certain amount of the cxhaust gases to pass out ofthe cylinder toward the end of the cxhaust stroke with resulting"reduction in internal pressure in the cylinder before the sleeve isoscillated by suitable actuating mechanism.

A preferred form of: mechanism ior clfecting oscillation of the sleeveforms the subject of and is claimed in a separate appligation for lictters Patent of the United States executed by me oi even date herewithand entitled Improvements in mechanism for opcraing single sleeve valvesfor internal combustion engines, steam engines and the like, SerialNumber T l-3,7 35, and extended description thereof herein is thereforeomitted, it being sullicicut for the purposes of this applicalion to saythat said mechanism through the medium oi? gear 20 disposed on theprojecting end of the spindle 10 and suitably connected with a vertical1 Shaft 20 actuated from a cam shalt 21 disposed in the crane case, isoperative at properly tuned intervals to eii'ect an oscillation of: thesleeve in the horizontal. plane so as to bring two of the 'ior'l's inits head into registry either with the ports 16 or the ports 17 and thuspermit the admission or exhaust oi the gases or other working fluid toor from the cylinder.

newness This sleeve actuating mechanism is pie-h 'erably so timed withrespect to the movement of the piston that during the "major portionsof: the compression and power strokes of the latter all of-the ports 16l7 closed (see Fig. 2), While during the inlet and exhaust strokes thesleeve is re tated through an angle preferably approximating 31, firstin one direction and then in the opposite direction, thus bringing twoof the ports 13 opposite the ports 16 or the ports 17 at each.oscillation of the sleeve, thereby admitting the gases to or allowingthem to escape from the cylinder. hitherto stated, the auxiliary exhaustports and 19 are effective to permit the escape ot a certain quantity oithe exhaust as the piston approaches the lower end of power stroke,these ports, then coincident With each other, being uncovered by thepiston. and the sleeve having not as yet cone inenced its movement ofoscillation from the piston shown in Fig. 2, but as the piston approaches the lower end of the inlet stroke and thereby uncovers thepoi-t lt the escape of the hush gases tlicrcthrough is prevented sinceas the sleeve has-been oscillated in the opposite di action to open theinlet ports during ibis stroke and thereby permitthe adn'iission oi? thegas, the port 18 has maveled away from the port 19 which is thus coveredby the body oi the sleeve with consequent prcvcnthui of the escape ofthe fresh It will thus be apparent that through llie medium of myinvention it is possible to tain by means of a single slccve having'movement through but a small angle and in a single plane, a very rapidopening and closing of the inlet and exhaust ports -well as ports ofmaximum area with consequent niarlzcd increase in volumetric elliciency;that I am enabled to so locate the spark plug or other ignition 'nieansas to prevent detonation and insure the rapid propz iiou oi llamalhi'oug hout the cons pressed gases: that I provide a combustion chamberof ideally eiiicicnt shape, Without pockets, containing no mass ofnietal liable to become overheated with consequent everl'ieating andpossibledistortion of the and that the whole of the sleeve headconiinual contac with the atcr jaclic cylinder head Wall with consequentadequ dissipation. of the surplus heat.

its

' have referred without departing from the ing a terminal exhaust portin its wall, a cylinder head and a sleeve valve disposed partiallywithin the cylinder and partially within the head, that portion of thevalve disposed in the cylinder comprising a port adapted to registerwith said exhaustport and that portion of the .valve above the cylinder,being" increased in diameter adjacent thereto to provide an overhangingflange seating on the end of. the cylinder and then curved upwardly andinward] to merge into a cylindrical spindle extend ing through the head.

2. An engine comprising a cylinder having a termmal'exhaust port in thelower part of its wall, a cylinder head and a sleeve di's'posedpartially within the cylinder and partially within the head, thatportion of the sleeve disposed within the cylinder lrav ing a portadapted to register with said terminal exhaust port and that'portion ofthe sleeve within the head being of greater diameter at itsbase thanthecylinder and thence upwardly and inwardlrcurved and provided with aplurality of orts and the cylinder head being also provi ed withportsadapted for registration with the ports in thesleeve. i

- 3. An engine comprising a cylinder, 11 cylinder head, a. piston and"an osclllatory' sleeve extending in the cylinder and in thehead and inwhich the piston is adapted to reciprocate, that portionof the sleeve inthe head being curved upwardly and inwardly and (provided with a.plurality of ports adapte head, said sleeve beingprovided near its lowerend with an auxiliary exhaust port and said cylinder having a portadapted to register therewith, and means for eil'eeting oscillation ofthe sleeve.

4. "An engine as specified in claim 10 and in which the auxiliaryexhaust port is so positioned as to be uncovered by thepiston toward thelower end" of its stroke.

5. A11 engine as spccified in claim 10 and. in which said sleeve.oscillating means are so timed that the auxiliary port in the sleevewill register with the auxiliary portin the cylinder when the pistonapproaches the lower end of its power stroke and will be out of registrytherewith when the piston approaches the lower end of its inlet stroke.

6. An engine having a cylinder having an auxiliary exhaust port in itswall, a. re-

movable cylinder head having a plurality of ports and an oscillatorysleeve disposed in the cylinder and extendin it into the head, saidsleeve having a port adapted to registerwith said auxiliary exhaust portand being provided with an overhanging flange adapted to rest on theupper end of the c linder and being upwardly'and inwar 1y carved fromsaid flange andprovided with to register with portsin the a'plurality ofports'in said curved surface adapted to register with the ports in thehead, the interior of said head being formed to coincide and form a gastight fit with said "J surface, and means for oscillating said sleevewithin the cylinder and the head so as to move the ports into and out ofregistry In witness whereof, I have hereunto set myhand this 2ndday ofOctober, 1924;.

WILLIAM BROWN WILSQN.

